notes / design-patterns / structural / bridge.md · 2026-03 · 2 min

# Bridge Pattern

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### Decouple abstraction from implementation so that both can vary independently.

This means that instead of tightly connecting two parts of a system, you separate them so each can change without affecting the other.

## 🍽️ Imagine a restaurant:

### ❌ Bad Design

You create separate roles for every combination:

• ItalianChefWaiter
• JapaneseChefWaiter
• ItalianChefCashier
• JapaneseChefCashier

👉 Too many combinations 👉 Hard to maintain and extend 👉 Number of combinations = roles × specializations

### ✅ Good Design with Bridge Pattern

You separate roles and specializations:

• 👨‍🍳 Chef (role)
• 🍝 Italian cuisine / 🍣 Japanese cuisine (implementation)

Now you can mix them freely:

• Chef + Italian cuisine
• Chef + Japanese cuisine 👉 Number of combinations = roles + specializations

##### No explosion of classes!

##### Each part evolves independently!

## 🧑‍💻 In software:

### ❌ Bad Design

class RemoteControlForTV {
    void turnOn() {
        System.out.println("TV ON");
    }
}

class RemoteControlForRadio {
    void turnOn() {
        System.out.println("Radio ON");
    }
}

Every new device requires a new remote class → duplication and tight coupling.

### ✅ Good Design with Bridge Pattern

interface Device {
    void turnOn();
}

class TV implements Device {
    public void turnOn() {
        System.out.println("TV ON");
    }
}

class Radio implements Device {
    public void turnOn() {
        System.out.println("Radio ON");
    }
}

class RemoteControl {
    protected Device device;

    RemoteControl(Device device) {
        this.device = device;
    }

    void turnOn() {
        device.turnOn();
    }
}

class AdvancedRemote extends RemoteControl {
    AdvancedRemote(Device device) {
        super(device);
    }

    void mute() {
        System.out.println("Muted");
    }
}

Now you can combine:

• RemoteControl + TV
• RemoteControl + Radio
• AdvancedRemote + any device

##### Abstraction (Remote) and implementation (Device) are separated!

##### Both can grow independently!